Hub and brake mechanism



Feb. 15, 1927. C. H* PEARCE HUB AND BRAKE MECHANISM Filed Feb. 2o, 1925 s sheets-sheet 2 Sthwumj Feb. 15, 1927. Q H' PEARCE HUB AND BRAKE MECHANISM ilQ-munlll maw Patented Feb. is, 1927.

unen STATES PATENT OFFICE. A

CLARENCE H. PEARCE,10F ACCOKEEK, MARYLAND.

l:arms AND E 'mnonamsm Application iled February 20, 1926. Serial No. 89,655.

there is located a plurality of brake 'shoes 1U and where an outer plate may be quickly and readily removed from the hub so the brake slices may be quickly and readil removed and new brake bands substituted for the old ones on the brake shoes.

In thev .wheels and brakes now in common use, mud, grit and other foreign substances may freely pass within the frictional elefients, which causes the brake bands to be- .fome quickly worn and making it necessary 2U lo reline the brakes at frequent intervals.

Another object, therefore, of the invention, 'is to so construct the hub that the brake 'shoes lwith the brake bands thereon are tightly sealed within the hub of the Wheel', 251 thus preventing mud or sand or other foreign materials from -working between the bands and a i'rictional ring within the casing' which cooperates with the bands and thus necessitating the renewal of thebrake 3 bands far less frequently than ordinarily would be the case. n

Still another object of the invention 1s to-so construct the hub of' the wheela-nd its associated parts and thev housing of the axle so that the load of the wheel is supported at Atwo places rather than ione, as not only willthe axle support the load, but a art of it will be supported by the casing a out the axle. Y

.Still another object of the invention is to provide a hub of preferably a disc wheel, wherein an outer plate may be quickly removed frein the hub, after which the brake shoes may be quickly removed so that they may be relined without the necessity of the removal of the wheel from the'axle.

Another object of the invention is to so construct a hub that both the service brake and an emergency brake may be housed completely within the hub and either may be quickly and readily functioned by the driver of the car.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a hub that will tightly enclose all 5-5 the brake shoes and brake bands and whereplate.

in simple means are provided for expanding the several shoes to thereby apply the brakes, With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in certain new and novel arrangements and combination of arts as will be hereinafter more fully descrlbed and pointed out in the claims.

Referring now to the drawings showing a preferred'embodiment, a modification, and

a wheel as maybe applied to the front axle of an automoblle, Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly in sec.- tion, with outside cap plate and disc re'` moved. Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on line- 2-2 of Fig. 1.y

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary perspective view howmg part of the housing andinner. brake rum. 4

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the hrake cams,

Fig' 5 is a vertical sectional view taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 1, but .showing a slight modification .for carrying oil.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line'6-6 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the arborl F ig. 8- is a perspective view Vof 'one of the brake shoes. i

F ig. is a perspective view of a. partition Fig. wheel and its mechanism for use on a front wheel.

Fig. 11 .is

Fig. 12 is a horizontal sectional view showing a slight modification' when used with a full iioating rear axle.

Referring now more specifically to the several views, and to Figs. 1 and 2 for the present, there is shown a housing 1 for the rear axle 2, this housing terminating as atv 3, while at a ,distance from its end there is shown an integral plate or rim 4 which is drilled for the reception of bolts 5.

vWithin the housing 1 and surrounding' the axle 2, is the bearing race 6 in which are mountedthe roller bearings 7 so that the axle l2 is first supported within the end of the housing 1. Located at the outer end of the bearing race may be placed a washer 8 and a felt washer 9, if desired. Rigidly secured by the bolts 5 about the'periphery' a horizontal sectional `view taken on 4the line 111--11 of Fig. 10, and

10 is a vertical sectional view of a 'plates`11 (see Fig. 7) which v made to the housing 16, or in othe-r words,

the hublot the wheel.

In the present application, I have shown the,wheel within the discs .17 which are held in place bythe usual. bolts 18. I have not shownfthe outer rim ot the wheel, as this forms no part of the present, invention, and any form of riiii Vwith detachable mounting for the tire maybe used.

Thefhousing 16 may be a single casting'. and may be webbed or strengthened as at 19, and ,it is to benoted, there is formed a chamber 2O in which is fitted the arbor 10,

heretofore mentioned. There is formed v what may be termed an outer chamber 21 for the reception of the plates11 of the arbor 10 and for the brake shoes 22, shortly to be described.

The outer periphery ot' the chamber 21 iiiay be cut out as at 23 for the sake of lightness and the extending sides will be drilled vfor the reception of the bolts 18 which tie the discs 17 in place and also hold the outer plate 24 in position, which plate will shortly be referred to.

The housing 16 about its outer face is provided with a series of lugs 25 as may be noted in Fig. 3, and slipped within the chamber 21 formed by the housinpr 1G is the annular ring-26 which is provided with the small flange 27, which vin turn is provided with the notches 28. lIn Figa 3 I have shown the ring` 26 as :slightly removed from the inner walls of the chauiber 21, but this onlyfor the pui-.poso of illustration, and the ring is simply t'oiced inwardly so that the notches 28 may register with the lugs v25 to revcnt. the .rin 'from sli i intr and riphery within the wallssot the'chau'iber 21.

derstood.

the ring contacts throughout its Iouter pe- Referring now more particularly to the brakes and their operating mechanisimtheifo 'is shown a service brake 29 and an einei-, gency brake 30. Tliesefbrakes are similar and one will be described ,in detail so that the construction of both Willybe readily un* Referring now 8, it will be seen that both the service brake 'and the yemergency brake each consists of` 'two-shoes 22, each shoe being, semi-circular in outline-and each consistingy ofthe rim relation fron particularly t0 Figs 1 ma .i

31 on which there is riveted the brake bund or lining 32. Each shoe may be cutout for the sake of lightness as at 33 while near the opposite end of the brake bands, there are provided 'two slots 34 through which are designed to pass the pins 12. In Figs. 7 and 8, the lower pins 12 on the opposite sides 'of the arbor will pass through the (slots 34 while the upper shoe will have sini- .ilar slots for the upper pins 12 to support it. Referring again to Fig. 8, it will be seen that the web of the shoe is provided with the twosmallllugs 35 which are drilled for the reception of the springs 3G, as may be seen in Fig. 1. The central portion ot' the web is cut out as at 37 while formed at right angles to the web and about this cut out portion 37 are the two small platforms 38, so that the cams 39 will extend between the platforms 38 of the lower bra-ke shoe and the /s-iinilar platforms of the upper brake shoe.

These cams 39 are mounted on two brake rods 40 and 41, and by referring to Figs. 1 and 4 it will be seen that thecam to the let't is keyed as at 42 to the brake rod 40, while its cooperating cani is freeto turn on the other brake rod 41, these two' cams 39 being connected bya link 43 which in turn is pivoted to two stubs 44 formed integral with the cams.

An operation, therefore, of the brake rod 4t) will force the two outer shoes apart as the two cams 39 will be operated, one being keyed to the shaft and the other being loosely mounted on the brakel rod 41. In a like manner, two cams 45 are shown which operate the inner brake shoes to spread them apart, and in this instance, one of the cams is free to rock on the rod 40. By constructing these cains in this n'ianner, either the emergency or service brake may be independently operated by the proper selec# tion of one of the brake rods.

" The two cams 45 are connected by a link similar. to the Erst two cams'mentioned.

that thereywill. `be no wear on the bands during the time the brakes are not applied. A movement of the brake rod 40 or 41 will ypermit the brake shoes to ride on the pins Land hje expanded bvthe cani action between their platforms. Tokeep these twol brakes (service andelnergeney in a propelspaced lich other; I have shown a plate-orspiderf47 which is drilled centrally as at ,46,1 this is provided with holes 4:9. near vv:opposite end, which are positionedito reci-rive the aforementioned pins 12.

is niay be seen in the several sectional views, after the arbor is placed in position. bolted andthe nut 15 applied, one set of brakeshoes is, inserted, after which small spacer blocks 50 are placed on `the pins 12 CTL Larmes This plate basan inwardly projecting boss 51 an keyed to the axle by the key 5l', which may be seen in Figs. 1 and 2. After the plate Q4 has been locked in position, a castle nut will' be threaded onto the central portion of the hub plate. i

Referring for the ,moment to the integral plate 4 ot' the housing 1 it will be noticed that beyond its periphery the edge of the housing 16 extends towards this plate 4,'215 at 54 to form a small pocket for the rece tion of a packing 55, located between tie roller bearings and the edge of the casing. As -far as the specification has proceeded, it will be seen that the entire casing which forms the hub rotates about the arbor, axle casing and axle, while the brake shoes remaln stationary, but may be expanded with- .in the hub by the operation of the respective brake rods, so that the brake bands will contact with thering placed within the hub.

It will further be seen that the entire brake;4

mechanism is enclosed and that the outer plate may be quickly removed when it is desired to remove thebrake shoes and relinc the brakes.

In Fig. 6 which is a horizontal section taken at right angles to Fig. 2, I have shown how these brake rods extend through the arbor 10, two passageways 56 being provided in` the arbor. These passageways are preferably provided with bushings 57 at,

both their inner and outer ends and a small hole may be drilled as at 58 to oil these bushings.

Referring for the moment to the slight modification shown in Fig. 5, there is shown a portion of a brake shoe 60 with the hand 61 thereon. and besides the annular ring 62 there is shown a lining 63 which may bc. packed with oil or grease, or in other words, when a different form of brake to be soaked in oil is desired to be used, it may be inserted. The coiistructimi is the sanne with the exception of the further inner lining.

Referring now to Figs. l() and ll, I have shown a very similar construction,.lmt in this instance, the/hub is designed for a` wheel to be used on a frontaxle` and in this illustration there is only one brake rat-her than the two sets of brakes. Of course the hub casing or housing may be much narrower as only two brake `shoes are used. Stili referring to Figs. 10 and 11, there is shown a steering knuckle 70, the stub axle 71. the arbor 72, the locking,r nut -7 3, the roller 'bearing 74, the casing 75 and the brake shoes T6 fitting within the casing 7 5, while 4the outer plate 77 is provided with the extension 78 or the reception of the race 79 and the `cap It will be understood that the operation of the arm 83 or its connections with the means that are manually operated by the driver of the car will be arranged to suit the diiaerent positions,and although I have shown no connection with the arm 83, an other arm may be connected thereto at an angle to the arm 83 so as to come directly has the plate 8l in which the pins 82 are l fastened, so that the brake shoes 76 may be supported and may be operated by the brake rod 83, whirh in turn will force the two shoes apart in identically the same manner as shown on the rear Wheel. y

In Fig. 12, I have shown a horizontal sectional view of a full floating rear axle and it is to be understood that the operation and function is the same as shown in Figs. I to. 9 inclusive, in this instance, however, an additional ball bearing being shown at the outer end of the axle and the portion 91 of the axle casing extending throughout the hub of the wheel. Ball bearings 93 are also shown on the periphery of the arbor 94, but there is' no bearing between the axlev 95 and the inner portion of the casing. A hub cap 96 is shown which in turn (in this instance) is bolted to the outer plate 97,.,and

vkeyed tothe axle. Two brake rods 9S are shown extending through the arbor and are designed to operate either set of cams 9i),

respectively to expand `either` set of brake Shoes 100.

It will be noticed in Fig. 12, rather than using a pin to key the axle to the outer plate so that the rotation of the axle 'is trans- {e1-red to the plate of the hub. the end ot the axle is Aserrated and fits within an indented portion `in the outer plate so the rotation. will be transferred to the outer plate.

' No keying or pinning of the hub to thev axle is necessary when the special forni of my invention is applied to the front axle, oi course, these wheels are not driven, but .simply rot-ate with the movement of the vehicle. i p

lf it were desired to use my invention in a vehicle known as a four wheel drive, the same kind of hub and brake mechanism that is used on the rear wheels would be used on the front wheels.

From the forcgoingit ,willr be seen that I have provided a wheel wfherein thereis located a central hub whichin turn houses an emergency and service brake if the hub is to be ured on a rear wheel, and to house a servicebrakeA it the wheel is to be used on the front of a car. Also, I have produced an arrangment wherein the brakes, in

lso.

all instances, are sealed against sand, grit or other foreign matter, thereby greatly lengthening the life of the brake bands. Furthermore, when it' is necessary to renew the brake bands, it is not necessary to rcmove the wheel as in the present` day practice, but simply remove an outer plate. after which the brake shoes may be removed. new bands placed onthe shoes and the shoes returned to their `proper position, andthe outer plate again laced in position. l

Not only are tlie bands prevented from wearing quickly as is ordinarily the case, but much time may'be saved in rclining them `when found' necessary. It will also -be appreciated these brakes do 'not call -or any internal adjustments as necessaryY with the ordinary form of brakes now in use.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is i 1. In combination with an axle and hous ingtherefor, said housing provided with an annular rim near its one end, an arbor mounted on the end "of the housing and rigidly secured thereto, plates secured 'to raid arbor and extending at right angles thereto. a hub of a Wheel comprising a casing and mounted for rotation on said arbor,

the hub having a chamber therein, brake shoes mounted in said chamber and supported by they plates of said arbor. means for :operating said brake shoes to frictionally engage a wall in the chamber said wall beingparallel with the axis of the hub with in the chamber, and a plate on the outer side of said hub to completely seal said chamber. 2. In combination with a housing having an annular rim 4near its one end, an axle mounted Within the housing, an arbor rigidly mounted on said housing and said arbor having means extending at right angles thereto at one end thereof, a hub of a wheel comprising a casing rotatably mounted 'on said arbor, said hub yhaving a chamber formed therein for the reception of two brake shoes, said brake shoes mounted on the means extending from. said arbor, means withinA the chamber and cooperating with the brake shoe to expand said brake shoes to thereby function as a brake Within said hub, means extending through the arbor for operating the means for expandingthe brake shoes, and a plate secured to the outer side of the hub for sealing all the parts within the said chamber.

3. In a wheel comprising a hub, the said hub comprising two communicating chambers, incombination with ahousing for an axle, an axle.within the housing, an arbor rigidly mounted on said axle housing and the arbor fitting within one of the chambers 'of said hub. said arbor having means eX- tending within the other chamber of said hub,l said means provided with pins, two

semi-circularcooperating brake shoes loosely suspended on said pins, means extending between said brake shoes for expanding the same to frictionally engagea wall Within .the chamber of the hub, means extending through the arbor for operating the means which expand the brakeshoes. and a plate secured to the outer facey of the hub to thereby completely seal the parts within the hub. .y

4. X hub for a wheel comprising a casing, said casing being formed with two chambers. one of which is larger than-the other, an arbor.substantially iilling the smaller of said chambers. roller bearings about the 980 arbor and between the wall of the said smaller chamber, said arbor provided with means extending Within the larger of said chambers and provided with means for supporting brake shoes thereon, two brake shoes supported on said means, cams interposed' between said brake shoes, and means extending through said arbor for operating said cams to thereby expand l'said brake shoes, and a removable plate secured to the outer face of said chamber to thereby seal the larger of said chambers.

5. A hub and brake mechanism for a wheel comprising a casing having two chambers formed therein, an arbor fitting within one of said chambers and adapted to be mounted on an axle housing, two expandable brake shoes mounted in the outer of'said' chambers, on a part of said arbor, cam means extending between said brake shoe for expanding the same, means extending means Jfor operating said last mentioned` means and 'extending through the arbor, a packing means for sealing one of said chambers, and a plate secured to the outer face ot the hub for sealing the otherof said chambers.

7. A wheel .comprising in part a hub, said hub formed with two chambers, meansin one of the chambers for supporting the hub on an axle, said means to be held4 against rotation, said meansr extending Within the outer ofsaid chambers to loosely and removably suppo'rt two cooperating `brake shoes,

cam mechanism "betweeirV said brake shoes,

means extending throiigli*the` arbor to oper-` ate said cam mechanism, and a plateremovably fixed to the outer face of the hub to thereby seal the brake shoes Within their chamber.

8. A wheel comprising in part a hub, said hub comprising a casing formed with two chambers, an arbor Afitting within one yof said chambers and said hub adapted to revolve about said arbor, said arbor havingV means extending within the other of said chambers two sets of cooperating brake shoes mounted7 on said means, mechanism extending between both sets of brake slices for selectively expanding either set of brake shoes, means in between the two sets of. brake shoes for properly spacing the same, means extending through said arbor for operating the expanding means, and a plate for 'sealing the brake shoes within their chamber.

9. A wheel comprising in part a hub, said hub in -the forni of a casing having two registering chambers, one of which is larger than the other, an annular ring fitting tightly within the larger of said chambers, an arbor within the smaller of said chambers-adapted to be ri idly secured to the housing of anaxle, sayi arbor having a portion extending into the larger of said chambers and means thereon for supporting two sets of brake shoes, each set comprising two semi-circular brake shoes adapted to be expandedagainst the said ring, means also supported bysaid arbor for properly spacing the two sets of brake shoes, operating mechanism extending through the arbor for selectively expanding either' set of brake shoes to frictionally engage said ring, the y inner of said chambers sealed by said arbor together with a packing ring and the other of said chambers sealed by a plate removably secured to the Iouter face of said hub. 10. A hub and brake mechanism for a Wheel comprising a casin an arbor fitting within the casin said alor adapted to be secured to an ax e housing, said casing free to rotate about said arbor, brake shoes s upported by said arbor and within said casing, \means for expanding the brake shoes within said casing, a plate adapted to be removably secured to the outer face of the said casing, and also adapted to be keyed-to an axle to transmit, rotary mot-ion to said casing, and said plate sealing the brake shoe within said casing.

11."` hub and brake mechanism for a vehicle wheel comprisin a casing formed of two chambers an aior loosely mounted within one oii said .I chambers, said arbor adapted to be rigidly secured to an axle housing, expansible brake shoes mounted on said arbor and within the other of said chambers, a cam mechanism for expanding said brake shoes, means extending through Said arbor for operating said mechanism, a plate bolted to said hub casing and also adapted to be locked to an axle to thereby rotate said hub, and

the said hub casing sealed on its opposite faces to prevent foreign brake shoe elements, an outer plate forvthe hub for sealing the brake shoe elements and cam mechanism within said hub, and said plate adapted to be keyed to an axle.

13. A hub and brake mechanism for a motor vehicle, said hub comprising a casing and adapted to receive brake shoes, an arbor within said casing and complementary brake shoes movably supported by said arbor, said brake shoes each having a platform extending at right angles to the web of the shoe, brake rods extending through said arbor, cam mechanism rotated by said brake rods between said platforms so that a movement of said brake rods will expand said brake shoes, and an outer plate for said hub for ligitly sealing the several parts within the 14. A hub and brake mechanism for a vehicle wheel, the saidl hub comprising a cas-f ing with an annular chamber therein, a ring fitting Within said chamber and held against movement, removably expansible brake shoes within said chamber, means for expanding said 'brake shoes against said ring, means connected with said last mentioned means for operating the said expandin means, and a plate secured to the outer hu of a"wheel vtightly holding the ring within the hub and for sealingv the interior of said hub.

15. A hub and brake mechaisin for a, ve-

hicle wheel, said hub having means therein for supporting complementary brake shoes, an arbor within said hub about which the hub is free to rotate, cams located between the brake shoes, means for operating the cams for expanding said brake shoes, a plate secured to the outer face of the hub andadapted to be secured to an axle for imparting movement. tothe hub, and said plate sealing said hub.

n testimony whereof I atx my signature.

l CLARENCEH. PEARCE. 

